当人们提起坦桑尼亚的桑给巴尔岛(Zanzibar),脑海中首先浮现的往往是洁白的沙滩和碧绿的印度洋。然而,在这个热带天堂的中心,隐藏着一片神秘而充满生机的绿色心脏——乔扎尼楚瓦卡湾国家公园(Jozani Chwaka Bay National Park)。
作为桑给巴尔岛上唯一的国家公园,乔扎尼不仅仅是一片森林,它是全球濒危物种的最后避难所,也是连接陆地与海洋的神奇生态系统。如果你想在海滩度假之余寻找一份独特的自然探险,这里绝对不容错过。
乔扎尼森林占地约 50 平方公里,虽然比起坦桑尼亚大陆的塞伦盖蒂显得“袖珍”,但其生物多样性却令人惊叹。这里不仅保护着岛上仅存的原始地下水森林,更重要的是,它是地球上唯一能看到桑给巴尔红疣猴(Kirk's Red Colobus)野生种群的地方。
这片森林是自然爱好者的天堂,它展示了桑给巴尔在成为旅游热点之前的原始面貌——潮湿、狂野且生机勃勃。
来到乔扎尼,90% 的游客都是冲着它们来的。桑给巴尔红疣猴(Kirk's Red Colobus)是一种极度濒危的灵长类动物,据估计野生数量仅剩约 2000-3000 只。
与性格害羞甚至有时具有攻击性的其他猴类不同,这里的红疣猴对人类由于长期的适应(Habituation),表现得相当友善和淡定。它们有着标志性的白色背毛、黑色的面孔和铁锈红色的背部皮毛。
结束森林徒步后,穿过主干道,你将进入公园的另一部分——红树林沼泽。公园修建了一条长长的木栈道,蜿蜒穿过这片咸水生态系统。
这里展示了乔扎尼“楚瓦卡湾”部分的魅力。红树林通过复杂的根系过滤海水,保护海岸线免受侵蚀。走在栈道上,你可以看到黑色的招潮蟹(Fiddler Crabs)在泥滩上挥舞着巨大的钳子,还能观察到在红树林根部穿梭的小鱼。这里的氛围静谧而神秘,与森林的热闹截然不同。
进入公园深处,你会置身于高大的桃花心木(Mahogany)林中。这里被称为地下水森林,因为树木依靠地下淡水含水层生长。高耸入云的树冠遮蔽了阳光,地面上布满了巨大的蕨类植物,仿佛进入了《侏罗纪公园》的场景。深吸一口气,空气中弥漫着泥土和植物的清香,这是天然的“森林浴”。
公园位于石头城(Stone Town)东南方向约 35 公里处,地处岛屿中部。
乔扎尼森林的游览时间通常为 1.5 - 2 小时,非常适合与其他景点组合成一日游:
arose58 This is a nice wilderness walk but the only animals we saw were the monkeys at the very front of the park. The monkeys come very close to people but you are to stay 3 meters away. The mangrove is about a 15 min drive from the forest.
Yvonette Aiko Koyama There's is enough red monkeys to see and information about the forest is interesting. To take note, go with water shoes or sandals that you can get dirty as it is a tropical weather forest, there's sure to be muddy area where you will walk!
Caroline Crutchley An amazing insight into the only surviving forest in Zanzibar. Protection from Tsunami and even climate change. Once under a coral ocean it is now strong mahogany trees and mangroves . Find the monkeys that are only found in this forest. Guides are well informed.
Ιωαννης Αντωνακης Beautiful experience because we went at the right time (08:40) we had a private tour because there were only people there, we saw animals and plants our guide Amur was very informative and patient, the money from the entrance ticket is used for the maintenance of the forest and for protection. The duration of the tour varies, it can be up to two or three hours for those who have a lot of questions and want to know everything.
Aneesa My god, what a fantastic place. Just myself and 2 other people with a brilliant tour guide. As a monkey fanatic, naturally I absolutely loved it; getting to see the monkeys in their natural habitat, as well as so up close and personal was such a dream of mine. Monkeys seem to be very relaxed around humans too. The mangrove tree forest afterwards was also so unique, and your guides takes some photographs for you. Just such an unplanned yet magical day - one of my highlights of Zanzibar.